Recurrent Infectious Diseases Research Articles

The relationship between healthy behavior and environmental sanitation with water quality in stunting occurrence work area of Sikabu Community Health Center Padang Pariaman

Stunting is a long-term nutritional deficiency from insufficient intake and recurrent infectious diseases. One of the factors that can influence stunting is the limited access to clean water. This research analyzes the relationship between healthy behavior and environmental sanitation with water quality in stunting occurrences. This is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The population includes all mothers with stunted toddlers in the working area of Sikabu Community Health Center, Padang Pariaman Regency, totaling 49 individuals. The sampling technique employed was total sampling. Behavior and sanitation assessments were conducted using a questionnaire. Data collection took place from September 14 to 18, 2023. Microbiological parameters were evaluated using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method, while inorganic chemical parameters were assessed using spectrophotometry. Data processing involved Spearman rank statistical tests, where a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The research results indicate a significant relationship (p<0.05) between behavior and microbiological and inorganic chemical water quality parameters, with correlation coefficients of 0.745 and 0.604, respectively. There is a significant relationship (p<0.05) between sanitation and microbiological and inorganic chemical water quality parameters, with correlation coefficients of 0.658 and 0.520, respectively. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between good behavior that has a positive impact on sanitation and drinking water quality on the level of stunting in the Sikabu Puskesmas working area of Padang Pariaman Regency with a correlation coefficient of (p<0.05).

Determinants of Stunting Among Children Under Five Years in Indonesia: Evidence from the 2021-2022 Demographic and Health Survey

At the global level, the prevention of stunting is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Indonesia is currently working towards achieving the second Sustainable Development Goal, which entails ending hunger, ensuring food security, improving nutrition, and supporting sustainable agriculture. As a part of this objective, efforts are being made to decrease the prevalence of stunting in children by 2025. Attention towards stunting is crucial as it can adversely affect children's physical and cognitive development well into adulthood if not addressed appropriately. This paper conducted a literature review from various sources, with a focus on google scholar and prioritizing sources from the last five years, as well as research on the population in Indonesia. It was determined through the analysis of several sources that maternal, child, and environmental factors pose various risks for stunting in Indonesia. Maternal factors that may play a role in child development include the mother's age, upper arm circumference, height, breastfeeding or complementary feeding practices, early initiation of breastfeeding and food quality during pregnancy. A history of low birth weight or prematurity, male sex, neonatal illness, frequent and recurrent diarrhea, infectious diseases, and lack of immunization are among the child factors associated with developmental outcomes. Factors such as living in a low socio-economic environment, limited family education, especially maternal education, insufficient household income, open defecation in rivers, gardens or inadequate latrines, consumption of untreated drinking water and high exposure to pesticides are also associated with the prevalence of stunting.

Aptamers targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein exhibit potential anti pan-coronavirus activity

Emerging and recurrent infectious diseases caused by human coronaviruses (HCoVs) continue to pose a significant threat to global public health security. In light of this ongoing threat, the development of a broad-spectrum drug to combat HCoVs is an urgently priority. Herein, we report a series of anti-pan-coronavirus ssDNA aptamers screened using Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX). These aptamers have nanomolar affinity with the nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and also show excellent binding efficiency to the N proteins of both SARS, MERS, HCoV-OC43 and -NL63 with affinity KD values of 1.31 to 135.36 nM. Such aptamer-based therapeutics exhibited potent antiviral activity against both the authentic SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain and the Omicron variant (BA.5) with EC50 values at 2.00 nM and 41.08 nM, respectively. The protein docking analysis also evidenced that these aptamers exhibit strong affinities for N proteins of pan-coronavirus and other HCoVs (−229E and -HKU1). In conclusion, we have identified six aptamers with a high pan-coronavirus antiviral activity, which could potentially serve as an effective strategy for preventing infections by unknown coronaviruses and addressing the ongoing global health threat.

The Relationship of Early Providing MPASI and Recurrent Infectional Diseases with Stunting Incidents in Children Aged 1-5 Years in the Lawahing Public Health Care Working Area

Background: Stunting which is a condition where there is failure to thrive in children under five years old (under five years) caused by chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Providing complementary breast milk too early (less than 4 months) is an indirect factor causing stunting where early complementary breast milk food can cause various kinds of infectious diseases in children&#x0D; Purpose: to determine the relationship between giving early MPASI and recurrent infectious diseases to the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-5 years in the working area of the Lawahing Health Centre, Alor Regency, NTT&#x0D; Method: This research is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The sample from this study was 214 children aged 1-5 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.&#x0D; Results: : research shows that there is a significant relationship between early complementary feeding and recurrent infectious diseases and the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-5 years (p value: &lt;0.01).&#x0D; Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between early complementary feeding and recurrent infectious diseases with the incidence of stunting in children aged 1-5 years in the working area of the Lawahing Community Health Centre, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara.

Primary immunodeficiency in the 9-year child

Primary immunodeficiency conditions are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by defects in various parts of the immune system, manifested in the form of recurrent infectious and autoimmune diseases of varying severity. The authors describe own clinical observation to determine the principles of diagnosis and treatment of primary immunodeficiency in children in modern conditions. The average age of diagnosis of an immunodeficiency condition has been established to be best over 30 days, but often this time increases to several years. The data of the enrolment of primary immunodeficiency states of the Republic of Dagestan on the diagnosis and permanent replacement therapy of immunodeficiency states is also presented.

Computational Screening of Potential Fatty Acid Synthase Inhibitors as Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents

Infectious diseases caused by viruses are one of the major diseases that seriously endanger global health. The development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs for effective control of emerging and recurrent viral infectious diseases is urgently needed. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) has been reported as a valuable target for developing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. In this study, we aimed to screen potent FAS inhibitors as broad-spectrum antiviral agents through computational approach. A pharmacophore model was generated with crystal structure of FAS in complex with Orlistat using Pharmit server, and 2,215 compounds were screened from ZINC15 database against the pharmacophore model. Next, 12 compounds exhibited more affinity to FAS than the control compound (Orlistat) were screened using molecular docking. The top three compounds (ZINC6146291, ZINC8925941 and ZINC3257427), which showed docking affinity to FAS with −8.19 kcal/mol, −8.14 kcal/mol and −8.07 kcal/mol, respectively, were subjected to 200 ns molecular dynamics simulation to evaluate the stability of docked complexes and their interaction mechanisms. The simulation trajectory analysis showed the stable conformation observed in FAS bound of the compounds and the screened compounds were firmly bound of the active sites of FAS throughout molecular dynamics simulation. The screened FAS candidate inhibitors can be used as broad-spectrum antiviral agents for in vitro-in vivo evaluations.

Molecular physiological characterization of the dynamics of persister formation in Staphylococcus aureus.

Bacteria possess the ability to enter a growth-arrested state known as persistence in order to survive antibiotic exposure. Clinically, persisters are regarded as the main causative agents for chronic and recurrent infectious diseases. To combat this antibiotic-tolerant population, a better understanding of the molecular physiology of persisters is required. In this study, we collected samples at different stages of the biphasic kill curve to reveal the dynamics of the cellular molecular changes that occur in the process of persister formation. After exposure to antibiotics with different modes of action, namely, vancomycin and enrofloxacin, similar persister levels were obtained. Both shared and distinct stress responses were enriched for the respective persister populations. However, the dynamics of the presence of proteins linked to the persister phenotype throughout the biphasic kill curve and the molecular profiles in a stable persistent population did show large differences, depending on the antibiotic used. This suggests that persisters at the molecular level are highly stress specific, emphasizing the importance of characterizing persisters generated under different stress conditions. Additionally, although generated persisters exhibited cross-tolerance toward tested antibiotics, combined therapies were demonstrated to be a promising approach to reduce persister levels. In conclusion, this investigation sheds light on the stress-specific nature of persisters, highlighting the necessity of tailored treatment approaches and the potential of combined therapy.

THE EFFECT OF SHORT COURSE INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE OF POSYANDU (INTEGRATED SERVICE POST) CADRES IN EARLY DETECTION OF STUNTING

Introduction: Stunting is a cumulative growth and development disorder caused by inadequate nutritional intake, recurrent infectious diseases, or both. RISKESDAS data for 2018 recorded a national stunting prevalence of 30.8%, and Dilem Village, Malang Regency, is one of the loci for stunting in Indonesia in 2020. Anthropometry is a growth monitoring method for assessing children's nutritional status and one of the activities at Posyandu, is organized and led by cadres. Hence, it is important to increase the knowledge of Posyandu cadres to achieve the accuracy of children's nutritional status. Aim: The goal of this study was to determine the effect of short course intervention in the knowledge levels of Posyandu cadres in Dilem Village on early detection of stunting and anthropometric measurements of child. Method: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of short course intervention in the knowledge levels of Posyandu cadres in Dilem Village on early detection of stunting before and after course This study was a pre-experimental study using one group of pre-posttest designs to assess the knowledge of 20 Dilem village cadres for early detection of stunting and correct anthropometric measurements before and after the intervention. Result: The results showed an increase of pre and posttest increase in score 16.5 points (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: So, it can be concluded that short course intervention can improve cadre’s knowledge on early detection of stunting.

The Relationship Between Exclusive Breastfeeding History to Stunting Incidence in Children Aged 6-24 Months in The Working Area of The Gunung Anyar Community Health Center, Surabaya, Indonesia

Stunting is a linear growth disorder caused by malnutrition from chronic nutrient intake or recurrent chronic infectious diseases, shown by the standard deviation value (SD) unit z (Z-Score) height according to age: &lt; -2 SD ≥ -3 SD. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used for this study. All mothers who visited posyandu in the vicinity of the Gunung Anyar Health Centre, Surabaya, Indonesia with infants aged 6 to 24 months comprised the study sample. Non-probability sampling was done using sequential sampling as the sampling technique. Cut-off points for univariate data analysis were used. Stunting and exclusive breastfeeding had an association with p=0.000. Stunting was significantly affected by exclusive breastfeeding. According to these findings, there was a lower incidence of stunting in children who were exclusively breastfed (2.0%) than in children who were not exclusively breastfed (30.6%). Babies who were not stunted are more prevalent (53.1%) than babies who were stunted (14.3%) for exclusive breastfeeding in the good category. In conclusion, exclusively breastfed children aged 6 to 24 months in Gunung Anyar Health Center scored well in good category. Exclusive breasfeeding has a significant impact on the incidence of stunting.

Assistance for Adolescents in Preventing Stunting During the First 1000 Days of Life through the Formation of 'REDAKZI PENTING' (Health and Nutrition-Aware Adolescents Caring for Stunting) in Tambak Oso Waru Village, Sidoarjo

Stunting is one of the nutrition problems that is a national priority today. Stunting occurs as a result of a lack of nutritional intake, recurrent infectious diseases and inadequate family factors or psychosocial factors, especially in the first 1000 days of life. Adolescents, as prospective parents, will give birth to the next generation and need to have adequate knowledge about health, nutrition and stunting so that nutritional deficiencies do not occur, especially in the first 1000 days of life. This community service activity aims to improve the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of adolescents in preventing stunting, especially in the first 1000 days of life, through the formation of the "REDAKZI PENTING" community (Teenagers Aware of Health, Nutrition and Care for Stunting). Activities were carried out in Tambak Oso Village Sidoarjo using the CBR method involving village community stakeholders and Tambak Oso Village Health workers. Teenagers are given reproductive health education, adolescent nutrition, and stunting as a provision for the Redakzi Penting community. The knowledge gained by adolescents in Health Education activities will be conveyed to other communities so that community awareness, especially adolescents, towards health and stunting increases.

Analysis of Factors Related to the Incidence of Stunting in Fishermen's Children Aged 12-24 Months

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Stunting is a condition of growth failure in a child's body length of less than -2 standard deviations based on World Health Organization, standards due to manifestations of long-term malnutrition, recurrent infectious diseases, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. The research aims to determine the analysis of factors related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 12-24 months in the Air Bangis Health Center working area in 2020. The research is a Mix Method Study with a Sequential Explanatory design carried out in the Air Bangis Health Center Working Area in 2022. This research was conducted in the Air Bangis Health Center Work Area from November to February 2023. The research quantitatively conducted a Cross-Sectional Study on children aged 12-24 months, as many as 148 people and their mothers. Measurement of body length according to age, questionnaires for quantitative data, and in-depth interviews for qualitative data. The logistic regression test determines the most dominant variable that causes stunting. There is a significant relationship between food intake (p-value=0.042), sanitation (p-value=0.013), immunization status (p-value=0.117), and maternal education (p-value=0.095) on the incidence of stunting. There is no relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, infectious diseases, hygiene and family income. The most dominant factor is food intake, with value (POR=2.220). Based on the research results, it was found that the most dominant variable was food intake. It is recommended for mothers of toddlers to pay more attention to nutritional intake during pregnancy and breastfeeding and it is recommended for health workers to provide education in the form of health education about nutritious foods to prospective pregnant mothers to pay more attention to their nutritional intake.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords: Intake, Nutrition, Sanitation, Stunting&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

The role of family’s sociodemographic status at incidence of stunting in Senggreng village, Malang regency

Nutritional problems are still a major public health problem in Indonesia. Malnutrition generally occurs in toddlers because, at that age, children experience rapid growth. One of the health indicators that is assessed for its success in achieving the SDGs is the nutritional status of children under five. Toddlers are a group that is vulnerable to malnutrition, which will be marked by stunting. Stunting (shortness) is a linear growth disorder caused by chronic malnutrition or chronic or recurrent infectious diseases, as indicated by a z-score for height for age (height/age) less than -2 SD. Cases of stunting in children can be used as a predictor of the low quality of a country's human resources. Stunting causes poor cognitive ability, low productivity, and an increased risk of disease, resulting in long-term losses for Indonesia. This study used an analytic observational method and was conducted in the working area of Sanggreng Village, Malang Regency and the data analysis uses SPSS. In this study, 24 stunting samples were taken from the child population in Sanggreng Village, Malang district. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the proportion of male stunting and female was almost the same. Parental education and work were not related to intake of stunting (p&gt; 0.05). According to the study results, the most dominant cause of stunting is a history of exclusive breastfeeding. Toddlers who get exclusive breastfeeding have a 9.3 times smaller risk of stunting than toddlers who don't get exclusive breastfeeding, or exclusive breastfeeding provides a protective effect against stunting in toddlers. This is due to the proportion of stunting problems found at the age of less than 2 years. Ideally, a child will receive exclusive breastfeeding until the age of 6 months. In this study, exclusive breastfeeding was given at most until the age of 20–24 months (9%) and then at the age of 6–9 months. In this study, it was also found that 18 children had been given breast milk at the beginning of 6 months of life (18%), and 4 other populations were given breast milk and other foods in the form of formula milk.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON THE INCIDENCE OF STUNTING IN SIAU DALAM VILLAGE, JAMBI

Global data for 2018 shows that 149 million children worldwide or the proportion of toddlers experiencing stunting is 21.9%. The incidence of recurrent infectious diseases is a direct factor causing stunting, where this factor is closely related to unsanitary sanitation conditions and the behavior of washing hands with soap. This research was conducted with the aim of finding the relationship between washing hands with soap, clean water facilities and ownership of healthy latrines with the incidence of stunting in toddlers. This study used an analytic observational design and a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used random sampling with a total of 100 samples. Data were collected directly from respondents through interviews and observations using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results of the study found that there was a relationship between clean water facilities and the incidence of stunting in Siau Dalam Village, with a p value = 0.000. There is no relationship between ownership of healthy latrines and the incidence of stunting in Siau Dalam Village with a p value = 0.115. It is hoped that the puskesmas will be more active in role health education with creative methods related to making and utilizing healthy latrines and it is important to use clean water which are aspects that are considered in the triggering factors for stunting.   Keywords: Stunting, clean water facilities, Letrine.  

Effectiveness of Nutrition and Psychosocial Stimulation Modules on Knowledge, Attitude, and Abilities of Stunting Prevention Assistance

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia until 2022 is still 24.4% (UNICEF Indonesia, 2022), still way below standard WHO is a maximum of 20% (WHO, 2018). Stunting is the failure of growth and development of children due to chronic lack of nutrition, recurrent infectious diseases, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation (WHO, 2018). Stunting causes barriers to cognitive development and the risk of metabolic disorders(Malhotra et al., 2014). Efforts to reduce stunting through community empowerment innovations need to be continuously developed, including the use of modules in assistant training to prevent stunting Quasy experiment research with pre post design to find out the effectiveness of the nutrition &amp; psychosocial stimulation module on the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of assistants to prevent stunting. The research subjects were 30 assistants to prevent stunting, taken by purposive sampling. The research instruments are knowledge tests, attitude questionnaires, and skill checklists. Data were analyzed with the Dependent Paired T-Test. Media trainingThe Nutrition &amp; Psychosocial Stimulation Module is effectiveincrease knowledge (p=0.00; mean: 82.50±9.45; CI: 95%), attitude towards giving complementary foods (p=0.000; mean: 76.87±9.76; CI: 95%), positive attitude towards giving psychosocial stimulation (p=0.000; mean: 72.66±7, 24; CI: 90%), and mentoring skills (p=0.000; mean: 77.93 ± 4.8; CI: 95%). Assistance Prevent Stunting Training (Pecis) using the Psychosocial Nutrition &amp; Stimulation Module is effective for increasing knowledge, attitudes, and skills of Assistance for Preventing Stunting in providing assistance to mothers or caregivers of toddlers at risk of stunting.

TREC/KREC indicators in newborns at gestation 28–34 weeks

RelevancePrimary immunodeficiency states are a heterogeneous group of congenital defects of cells of the immune system, which are clinically manifested in the form of recurrent infectious and autoimmune diseases of varying severity, as well as malignant neoplasms.To determine percentile TREC/KREC indices in premature newborns with various infectious perinatal pathology. Materials and methodsIn order to determine the quantitative content of TREC/KREC copies in peripheral blood, 39 premature infants with various infectious perinatal pathology were examined, which was characterized by the presence of signs of an inflammatory process at the time of determining TREC/KREC, who were in the pediatric department for premature newborns at the RNPC “Mother and Child”. Results and conclusionThe examined infants were born at the gestation period of 28–34 (IU = 32.5 (28.0–33.7)) weeks.The examined infants were born at the gestation period of 28–34 (IU = 32.5 (28.0–33.7)) weeks. Percentile values of quantitative TREC indicators (number of copies × 106 leukocytes) were: 3 percentile – 1,511.00, 10 percentile – 3,715.00, 25 percentile – 7,426.00, 50 percentile – 11,355.00, 75 percentile – 26,101.50, 90 percentile – 35,047.50, 97 the percentile is 44,582.50.Percentile values of quantitative KREC indicators (number of copies × 106 leukocytes) were: 3 percentile - 1,526.50,10 percentile - 2,620.00, 25 percentile - 3,535.00, 50 percentile - 12,251.00, 75 percentile - 24,173.00, 90 percentile - 33,130.00, 97 percentile - 73,231.00.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Ibu Dan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Stunting Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 12-24 Bulan Di Pandeglang, Banten Dan Tinjauan Menurut Pandangan Islam

WHO defines stunting as impaired growth and development in children due to chronic inadequate nutritional intake, recurrent infectious diseases and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. Children with developmental delays, especially at an early age, may experience delays in the development of other organs, including the brain. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research with the aim of examining the relationship between stunting and its risk factors in Pandeglang, Banten. So it can be concluded, if poor parenting affects the incidence of stunting in children. In Univariate research, it was found that male toddlers were more than women, but the difference between the two groups was not much different. In bivariate analysis, the results obtained in the mother's group with poor knowledge were 74.1% of toddlers classified as stunted, while in the mother's group with good knowledge only 2.4% of toddlers were classified as toddlers with stunting conditions.

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Ibu PKK Desa Bresela dalam Peningkatan Pengetahuan Gizi Seimbang untuk Pencegahan Stunting

Stunting is a linear growth disorder caused by chronic nutrient intake malnutrition and or chronic or recurrent infectious diseases as indicated by a z-score for height for age (TB/U) less than -2 standard deviations (SD) based on World Health Organization standards (WHO). Stunting describes chronic undernutrition status during growth and development since early life. The prevalence of stunting in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province in 2013 was 40.99%. One of the 10 villages at the locus of stunting in Gianyar Regency is Bresela Village. The main factor causing stunting in Gianyar district based on data verification from the District Health Office. Gianyar, among others: smoking habits, personal hygiene in food preparation, level of adequacy of vitamin A, and availability of clean water. The problems that are often found are the lack of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the community regarding balanced nutrition and stunting in toddlers, therefore, together with partners, community empowerment is carried out through counseling about balanced nutrition as an effort to prevent stunting. Based on the pre and posttest evaluations, it was found that the knowledge of the PKM partners had increased from before and after the education had increased significantly (p value = 0.000).&#x0D;  

Current Status of Probiotics as Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases.

Probiotics play an important role against infectious pathogens via their effects on the epithelium, the production of antimicrobial compounds, and competitive exclusion. Administration of probiotic supplements may reduce the risk of infectious diseases and the use of antibiotics, hence contributing to a reduction or a delay of the development of multi-resistant bacteria. Infection is a constant concern for people who experience recurrent infections, and antibiotic treatment usually fails due to antibiotic resistance. Therefore, an infection can lead to severe illness and hospitalization if left untreated. A growing number of studies have demonstrated promising results for a variety of probiotic strains used to prevent or treat acute and recurrent infectious diseases, but additional standardized clinical research is needed.

Features of phagocytosis function in children of preschool age depending on the incidence of acute respiratory diseases

Background. Recently, with the emergence of new pathogenic viruses’ variants, attention is drawn to the functioning status of innate immunity components, which are able to neutralize unknown microorganisms at the early stages of infection. Therefore, the study of phagocytosis disorders in children with respiratory recurrent infectious diseases will supply the scientific data on the processes of age-dependent formation of antimicrobial protection. The purpose: to improve the diagnosis of innate immune disorders in preschool children with respiratory recurrent infectious on the background of new data on phagocytosis parameters. Materials and methods. Sixty children aged from 2 to 5 years were observed. Two groups were formed: 1) children with respiratory tract acute infectious more than 6 times per year (n = 30); 2) children with respiratory acute infectious 6 or fewer times per year (n = 30). Results. The children of group 1 presented with statistically significantly increased cases of low phagocytic counts (by 60.0 %, p &lt; 0.05), phagocytic index (by 56.0 %, p &lt; 0.05), index of phagocytosis completeness (70.0 %, p &lt; 0.05), neutrophil phagocytic activity stimulated by Staphylococcus (50.0 %, p &lt; 0.05) and high rates of spontaneous neutrophil phagocytic activity (43.3 %, p &lt; 0.05), increased serum level of interleukin-1β (46.7 %, p &lt; 0 05), interleukin-6 (43.3 %, p &lt; 0.05), interleukin-10 (by 30.0 %, p &lt; 0.05), TNF (by 46.7 %, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions. In children aged 2–5 years with respiratory acute infectious diseases more than 6 times per year, phagocytic dysfunction was established. It is manifested itself in a decrease of phagocytosis absorption and stimulated metabolic activity on the background of increased pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines serum level, ie cytokine imbalance.

The absorptive and metabolic features of phagocytosis in children, depending on the frequency of acute respiratory infections

Purpose of the study. To improve of innate immune disorders diagnosis in preschool children with respiratory tract recurrent infectious diseases on the basis of new data of phagocytosis parameters by studying its absorption and prooxidant characteristics.&#x0D; Materials and methods. Under observation were 60 children aged 2 to 5 years. Two groups were formed: 1). children with respiratory tract acute infectious more than 6 times in year (n = 30); 2). children with respiratory tract acute infectious 6 or less times in year (n = 30).&#x0D; Results. Among children in 1 group, statistically significantly increased the registration quantity of low phagocytic counts (by 60,0%, p &lt; 0,05), phagocytic index (by 56,0%, p &lt; 0,05), index of phagocytosis completeness (70,0%, p &lt; 0,05), neutrophil phagocytic activity stimulated by staphylococcus (50,0%, p &lt; 0,05) and high rates of spontaneous neutrophil phagocytic activity (43,3%, p &lt; 0,05), high serum levels of lipid hydroperoxides (by 80,0%, p &lt; 0,05), diene conjugates (by 80,0%, p &lt; 0,05), malonic dialdehyde (76,7%, p &lt; 0.05), diene ketones (76,7%, p &lt; 0,05), Schiff bases (76,7%, p &lt; 0,05).&#x0D; Conclusion. In children 2–5 years with respiratory tract acute infectious more than 6 times in year the phagocytic dysfunction and increased lipid peroxidation were established. It is characterizing the failure and slowness of the early immune response.